Ngenxa yemifula eminyene nokugeleza okukhulu, iShayina iyizwe elinamandla amanzi amaningi.Ngokusho kwedatha, i-China inamanzi okungenani ayizigidi ezingu-600, okungaphezu kwengxenye yawo engasetshenziswa.Ngakho-ke, iChina ibheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekwakhiweni kweziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ngemuva kokuthi i-Three Gorges Dam isiqediwe, ama-super fouriziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ngamanziezakhiwe yiShayina emfuleni iYangtze zinamandla kakhulu kunabanye, futhi zonke "zinamakhono ayingqayizivele".Namuhla, isikali sokukhiqiza ugesi esihlanganisiwe asikho ngaphansi kwaleso Semihosha Emithathu, futhi neMihosha Emithathu ibonakala isalela emuva.Lezi ziteshi ezine zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi yi-Wudongde Hydropower Station, i-Xiluodu Hydropower Station, i-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station kanye ne-Baihetan Hydropower Station.I-Baihetan Hydropower Station iyisiteshi sikagesi sesibili ngobukhulu e-China, esiphehla ugesi ngonyaka wama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-62.443 kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa konyaka ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-50.48 e-carbon dioxide.
Amaphrojekthi amabili we-Jinsha River Phase I Project yi-Xiluodu Hydropower Station eyaqedwa ngo-2015 kanye ne-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station yaqedwa ngo-2014. I-Xiluodu Hydropower Station iyidamu elilawulayo elikhuphuka nomfula le-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station, kanye ne-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station iyizinda ezilawula ukuhlehla komfula.Iziteshi ezimbili eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi ziyasebenzisana futhi zilawula u-85% womfula i-Jinsha.Yize i-Xiluodu Hydropower Station sisikhudlwana ngesilinganiso sokwakha, kodwa amandla afakiwe e-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station angaphezulu.Kuhle ukubalula ukuthi i-Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station ukuphela kwesiteshi sikagesi esiphehla ugesi esinamandla okunisela phakathi kweziteshi ezine eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, futhi, njengemihosha emithathu, ifakwe umkhumbi omkhulukazi emhlabeni.
Isiteshi sikagesi iWudongde Hydropower saziwa njengesiteshi sesine ngobukhulu esiphehla ugesi eChina nesesikhombisa ngobukhulu emhlabeni.Ukwakhiwa kwalesi siteshi sikagesi kunzima kakhulu, kudlula iXiangjiaba neXiluodu.Ibonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwe-arch dam design, hhayi idamu lamandla adonsela phansi.Umzimba wedamu uzacile kakhulu, ukujiya phansi kwedamu ngamamitha angu-51, kanti ingxenye encane kakhulu phezulu ingamamitha angu-0.19 kuphela.Kodwa-ke, umzimba wedamu onomklamo onama-arched kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha zokwakha kanye namasu angakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela kokugeleza kwamanzi.Kuyidamu elibonakala lizacile kodwa liqinile futhi liqinile, kuyancomeka ukuthi iWudongde Hydropower Station yaziwa nangokuthi idamu elihlakaniphile.Izinzwa eziningi zifakwe ukuqapha isimo sedamu ngesikhathi sangempela.
Amandla e-Baihetan Hydropower Station aphuma phezulu.Ngesikhulu kunazo zonke eziteshini ezine zokuphehla ugesi kanye nesiteshi sikagesi esiphehla ugesi sesibili ngobukhulu eShayina silandela Imihosha Emithathu.Kuthathe iminyaka engu-70 ukuhlela futhi kubiza amakhulu ezigidigidi zama-yuan.Isiteshi sikagesi esiphehla ugesi siyidamu elikhulu elinobunzima bobuchwepheshe obuphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, umthamo omkhulu weyunithi eyodwa, isikali esikhulu sokwakha, nesesibili emva kweMigobho Emithathu ekuphehleni ugesi.Ngenxa yesimo esinzima sokwakha kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi aneziyaluyalu ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, kulethe izivivinyo eziningi eqenjini.Ngenhlanhla, namuhla umzimba wedamu usuqediwe futhi umthamo ofakiwe usuqalile.Ngemva kokuba amadamu amane eseqalile ukusebenza esikhathini esizayo, isilinganiso sokuphehlwa kukagesi ngonyaka sizodlula iMihosha Emithathu, ngakho indima yawo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Lezi ziteshi ezine zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi zonke zitholakala e-Jinsha River Basin.Umfula i-Jinsha uyindawo engaphezulu yoMfula i-Yangtze enomehluko wobude obungamamitha angu-5,100.Imithombo yamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi ingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 kWh, okubalelwa ku-40% wawo wonke amandla kagesi oMfula i-Yangtze.Ngakho-ke, i-China izokwakha iziteshi zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi angama-25 eMfuleni i-Jinsha.Kodwa ezimele kakhulu iziteshi zikagesi iWudongde, Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba kanye neBaihetan hydropower.Izinga lokutshala imali lalezi ziteshi ezine zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi lidlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-100.Bazokwazi ukuqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngamandla ahlanzekile e-China, futhi benze iminikelo ebalulekile endaweni yemvelo yase-China ngenkathi besiza ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nentuthuko.
Ngokusebenza okulandelanayo kwalezi ziteshi ezine zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi eMfuleni i-Jinsha kanye nokuphothulwa kwazo zonke iziteshi zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi ezingama-25 eMfuleni i-Jinsha esikhathini esizayo, i-China izokwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinsiza zokuphehla ugesi woMfula i-Jinsha.Ngokusebenzisa izinsiza eziningi zamandla kagesi, uzokwazi ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamandla ahlanzekile.Futhi isiphenduke amandla amakhulu okudluliselwa kwamandla e-China ukusuka entshonalanga ukuya empumalanga.Ngemuva kokuthi amandla athuthelwe emadolobheni asogwini olusempumalanga, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla esifundeni esisempumalanga kungancishiswa, ukuze ukunciphisa amandla ezimboni kungalungiswa ngokufanele.Ngemuva kokuthi ugesi usuqinisekisiwe ngokugcwele, amadolobha asogwini olusempumalanga nawo azokhanya ngokuvela komjikelezo omusha wempilo.
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